Difference Between Markup Language and Programming Language

The main difference between markup language and programming language is that a markup language defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a human-readable and machine-readable format. In contrast, a programming language provides a set of commands and syntax that can be used to write computer programs understood by the computer.

A markup language is a type of language used to annotate text and embed tags in accurately styled electronic documents, irrespective of computer platforms, operating systems, applications, or programs. However, a programming language is a language that provides a set of rules, syntax, and commands to write computer programs that implements algorithms.

What is a Markup Language

A markup language is a computer language that uses tags to define elements within a document. They are easier to read. These languages are designed to create a structure, identify data, or present data rather than execute an action or perform an action. The text present in the tags structures by the web browser accordingly.

HTML, XML, and XHTML are some common markup languages. HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is use to create the structure of a web page. The file divides into two sections called the head and the body. The head section contains the metadata, title, etc. The body contains the visible elements of the page. There are tags for tables, forms, paragraphs, headings, and many more.

XML stands for Extensible Markup Language. XML tags are use to store and organize data. It is platform and language independent. XML helps to share data between entirely different platforms. It is use with databases, programming languages, and mobile applications. Moreover, 

XHTML stands for Extensible HyperText Markup Language. It is a combination of both HTML and XML. XML parser are use to parse these XHTML documents.

What is a Programming Language

A programming language is a formal language that contains a set of commands and syntax to create software programs. These programs can perform a specific task. Programming languages mainly divides into two sections. They are high-level languages and low-level languages. 

The high-level language uses a syntax similar to the English language. Therefore, those languages are easier to read and are understandable by the programmer. These programs are also called the source code. The source code converts into machine-understandable machine code using a compiler or an interpreter. C, C++, Java, Python are some examples of high-level programming languages. There are used to develop web, desktop, mobile applications, etc.

Low-level programming languages are more machine friendly. They directly interact with the hardware. Two common examples of low-level languages are machine language and assembly language. A machine language consists of binaries, and it is challenging to write a program in machine code. However, assembly language is one step ahead of machine language. One needs to have a good knowledge of computer architecture to write assembly programs. An assembly program converts into machine language using an assembler. These languages are commonly use to develop hardware-based applications like operating systems and device drivers.

Difference Between Markup Language and Programming Language

Definition

A markup language is a system for annotating a document that is syntactically distinguishable from the text. In contrast, a programming language is a formal language that contains a set of instructions used to produce various kinds of output. Thus, this is the main difference between markup language and programming language.

Functionality

Another difference between markup language and programming language is that the browser interprets a markup language. In contrast, a programming language compiles by a compiler or interpreted by an interpreter.

Examples

HTML, XML, and XHTML are some examples for markup languages. C, C++, Java, Python, and Assembly are some examples of programming languages.

Usage of markup and programming language

We can find a difference between markup language and programming language based on the usage as well. The markup language is use to present information, whereas programming language gives instructions to a computer to perform a particular task.

Conclusion

The difference between markup language and programming language is that a markup language defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a human-readable and machine-readable format. In contrast, a programming language provides a set of commands and syntax that can be use to write computer programs understood by the computer.

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